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Lesson 14
experience: 经历/可数
an awkward experience
the first experience of sea,
I had an unforgettable experience of diving in Qingdao.
经验/不可数
teaching experience
working experience
v. 体验
to experience the feeling of being a star
experienced:有经验的
He is an experienced doctor.
wave n. a wave of
A wave of joy swallowed me when I got the result of the examination.
A wave of fear struck him on the sight of blood.
The first wave of immigrants to Australia was to search for gold there.
Lift : take a lift / give sb. a lift
B wants to take a lift.
A will give B a lift.
thumb a lift
thumb up
hitchhiker 搭便车的人/ hijacker劫机犯
Reply: vi.答复
Please reply at your earliest convenience.
A lot of people replied to our advertisement.
也可vt.回答
language
native language /mother tongue
Eggplant hamburger pineapple
To China for china, China with china, dinner on china
到前门买前门，前门没前门，后门有前门
journey: trip, travel, voyage, tour, trip/ excursion
Travel(s) 时间稍长的四处旅行，周游
He plans to make travels to Italy this summer.
journey: 陆地, 走过的或长或短距离
西游记 Journey to the West
go on a journey, 3 days' journey, 2 hours' journey
voyage:海路或空间的长途旅行
voyage in Titanic
Flight 空中飞行
tour: 为游玩观光
tourism, tourist,
trip/excursion(文雅)：短程旅程观光，从某地出发再回到某地
a one-day trip around Nanjing
a two-day trip to Suzhou
on ad.
He worked on quietly without noticing my coming.
Life still goes on, and you’ll go on and on. (Titanic)
After we learnt the words, we’ll move on to the text.
as soon as: 两个动作几乎同时发生
As soon as he entered the room, all lights were off and then came the
cheer of “happy birthday”.
As soon as he comes back, I’ll let you know.
as … as possible 尽可能…
apart from
+ besides, in addition to, additionally
- but, except, except for
Besides David, all staff of NOS went to the barbecue.
All staff of NOS went to the barbecue but/ except me.
apart from(句首) 可+可-
主句否定则包含(+)，肯定则排除(-)
Apart from vegetables, she doesn’t eat any meat everyday.
Apart from several scratches, the car was undamaged.
except for常放在句首
含有对整体中的某一个方面不满意
The paper was well written except for some spelling mistakes.
B属于A, B不等于A
The wall was blank except for an ink spot.
Expect 与but : except + for/ in / on / that
He always went to work early except on weekends.
You can find him nowhere on Sundays except in church.
The boy was all right in many aspects except that he was a heavy smoker.
neither of:
Neither of the twin sisters like to read novels.
Neither of the two sides make any concession on Taiwan Issue.
either / both/
Either color suits you.
Both color suit you.
三者以上的之一any（未明确两者数量）
Any person with common sense may understand this point.
Lesson 15
secretary: assistant
bosom friend 知己 / intimate friend
A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near.
afford: be able to buy / spend (time/effort/ time)
Though we may afford the car, we may not afford its maintenance.
You see, I got so much to do right now so that I could hardly afford a
tea break.
weak-minded /willed
Weak-minded people are not qualified for the post of manager.
weak-headed /weak-kneed
rupt字母组合
abrupt bankrupt
corrupt incorrupt
disrupt erupt 喷发
irrupt
interrupt 打断
直接引语/间接引语
时态，人称，语序，疑问词（陈述句语序不变,问句语序变陈述,一般疑问加if）
主从一致：主句和从句的时态一致
1.主句动词为一般现在时,从句为任意时态
2.主句动词为一般过去时,从句为相对应的过去时态
He asked his son, “How much do you know about love?”
He … how much he knew about love.
Mom asked my, “When will you be free?”
Mom asked me when I would be free.
She asked, “Do you make up your mind?”
She asked if I made up my mind.
I don't see him as a teacher / priest.
I'm seeing her home.
See ( to it) that it gets done right away.
Let's see, which one is what we want?
“No man can see to the end of time
Many people see the hero off at the airport.
Lesson 16
traffic police/ traffic light/traffic jam
I spend a lot of time in traffic jam
heavy traffic
I was ordered to drive in heavy traffic.
ticket agency
ticket office/window
ticket collector
ticket holder
ticket day (交易所)交割日的前一天
area & region最总括的
the upper area of Yangtze River valley
tropical regions of South America
belt 区域，更为广阔
a snow belt ， the belt of mines雷区
zone 可能是一个环绕区域
the high-tech technological development zone
a nuclear-free zone Euro zone
district为行政目的细分区域
HK Special Administrative District / Macao (Macau)
或指划分不很具体的区域
the financial district
secret sign (黑话argot)
sign from God
记号 sign, mark, badge
Bold is regarded as the sign of intelligence.
Sweet mercy is nobility's true badge (Shakespeare).大度的宽容是高贵品质的真正象征
Experience has left its mark on Old Yu’s face.
Ping Pong used to be the token of Sino-American friendship.
Fail vi.
Her health is failing. ( Her beauty is fading.)
fail＋宾语：失败做某事
Words fail me.激动得说不出话
He failed (in) the exam .
fail in doing sth：在某些方面失败
fail to do：没有能够在某事
He failed to swim across the river.
not fail to do sth.一定能够某事
I can not fail to pass it.
You will never fail to appreciate the beauty of China.
Police – 集合名词做主语
1）常做复数的名词
people, cattle, poultry(家禽), etc
Cattle were the main concern of farmers when madcow disease was spread
in England.
2）做不可数名词的集体名词
machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise, etc
All the machinery in the factory is made in China.
The furniture of Ikea is famous for its simplicity and fashion.
3) 即可单数也可复数的集体名词，取决概念表达的是整体还是总和
audience, committee, class, crew, family, government, public, herd, group,
etc
The committee is to make its report tomorrow.
The family is a happy one.
The herd of cows and calves are moving towards the plains.
The herd of cows and calves is the healthiest the farm has had in some
time.
Lesson 17
appear
The plane appeared / disappeared.
She appears (to be) very tired. 她显得很疲劳。
He appears to be leaving.
appear as：扮演...角色
He appeared as a prince.
bright red：鲜红色
bright yellow：明黄色
bright blue：宝蓝色
a bright moment in history
return of Hong Kong to motherland)
a ~ future / a ~ boy活泼/聪明的孩子
bright and early大清早
a dark day 阴天
a dark view of the consequences悲观
a dark age in the history of education教育史上的黑暗时代
Text
1) must 必须 =have to (must用于表现在，如果过去时只能用have to)
I must / have to go now, for it’s so late.
At that time, he had to tell the truth, not to hide it.
2) must be/do 对现在的推测
She must be in, for the light is on.
The lake must be polluted, for there are so many dead fish in it.
3) must have done对过去的推测
She must have attended the party last night.
at least 起码，至少(at most最多)
You should go for a walk at least.
To refresh our mind, we’d better take a good rest once a year at least.
She must be at most fifteen years old.
as和like区别
like表示一种方式
I once worked like /as a receptionist. (象个/是个接待员)
As 表示状态,作为/充当角色、身份或功能
He acted as a father and mother after his wife’s death.
As a manager, he wandered around the store just like a customer
a three-legged cat
a warm-hearted man
a bad-tempered father,
white-haired hag白发魔女
blond金发美女
Lesson 18
look after
我不在时帮我照顾我的小狗好吗？
Would you be kind enough to ~ my doggy when I am out?
look on / upon…as 认为，看待
He looked on me as incompetent for this task.
look out小心，当心；注意
look up查找/抬头看；拜访
look up an old friend (call on)
look to do期望(look forward to)
He looked to hear from her.
Lesson 19
hurry up! 快点
If we hurry the work, it may be spoiled.
more haste, less speed. / Haste makes waste）
n. in a hurry /in no hurry 不急不忙
We can arrange our business in no hurry on holidays.
hurry to：匆匆忙忙地去
He goes to school. He hurries to school.
come in/hurry in：匆匆忙忙地进来
go out
hurry out：匆匆忙忙地出去
what a pity!
My friend gave the beggar a few coins out of pity, but he seemed to ask
for more.
It’s a pity that David can’t swim.
may + have done可能发生的事
If you dress like this to the party, you may have been driven out.
He may have already left the office, so let’s go to his apartment directly.
May表可能性,may/might后者更委婉，不确定（can/could）
May I stay here with you?
may not 表不可能，may重读；表不许可not重读（书面语用can’t）
can/may肯定陈述句,前者表逻辑，后者表事实
The play can begin at eight. （理论上说，逻辑）
The play may begin at any moment. (事实如此)
Since the parents are not in, the baby can be hungry now. (逻辑推论)
We have shopped for 4 hours. I may be hungry now. (我自己饿着肚子说的话)
may /must /can't + have done……对过去的推测
May/must/ can‘t +动词原形,对现在,未来的推测
也许/一定/一定不
might as well/ may as well+动词原形
还是...好（无可奈何）
had better：”最好”＋动词原形（积极心态）
I might as well / had better take the umbrella with me.
Lesson 20
catch a nap catch a cold/fire
The early bird catches the worm.
catch up with sb
I have to work harder to ~ the class.
Did you catch me? (理解，懂)
I didn’t catch the end of the sentence.
引申catch on
You’ll catch on the meaning of life when you grow up.
catch it 挨骂，受罚
You’ll catch it if you fail to hand in the paper on time.
I’ll catch it if I let you go without a fine.
Catch one’s breath 屏住呼吸（吃惊）
I caught my breath on the first sight of the beautiful undersea scene.
catch one’s eyes
eye-catching economy眼球经济
bold beard moustache 髭 whiskers 髯
realize, understand意识到，可互换
But I don't realize / understand one important thing. Who is the host
here?
Before I could realize/understand what was happening, I was caught hard
on the head and out of awareness.
realize “实现”
realize one’s dream / ambitions 实现梦想/抱负
The Chinese people are sure to realize the modernization of their country.
understand 听懂，理解
You don't understand what a difficult position I'm in.
The English understand each other, but I don't understand them.
慢跑 jogging
跳远 long jump
三级跳 triple jump
立定跳远 standing long jump
跳高 high jump
撑竿跳 pole vault /jump
拳击 boxing
太极拳 shadow-boxing
相扑 SUMO [‘]
柔道 Judo [‘dVu:dou]
空手道 Karate [k[ ‘ra:ti]
瑜珈 Yoga
without作为状语而出现，表示结果状语
He went out without saying any words.
Without asking for money, the boy went to school.
without 后面的动作是主语来做
I stay at home without anything to do/ with nothing to do.
Lesson 21
mad 为...而疯狂/ be mad about
crazy 为……而疯狂的/ be crazy about
like crazy
They were running around like crazy/mad.
go insance
I slowly go insance.
They are going bananas. =go crazy=go mad
reason:
He has lost his reason.他已神志不清了
by reason of
~ his family, he got the final promotion.
in reason合乎情理地
After his father’s retirement, he was elected president ~.
bring a person to reason 使人悟出道理
No pain, no gain. (lottery)
as+句子
because+句子
for this reason 由于这个理由、原因
For this reason, I was late.
a sum of 一笔
a large sum of 大量的
a large sum of money
Nc.
a lot of / lots of
Some /plenty of
a number of
Many
a great many of（many a ）
a few/few
Nu.
a lot of / lots of
someplenty of
an amount/sum of
much
a great deal of
a little/little
determine v.下定决心
make up one's mind
decide to do sth.
make a decision to do sth.
be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事
drive 系动词
Physician once drove me mad.
1) vt. 用力驱除使离开
drove the attackers away
drove out any thought of failure
2) 驱迫使工作，常指过度工作
She was driven to work over 10 hours a day, and finally broke down.
3) 精辟地说明并达成结论
drove home his point 精辟地阐明他的观点
4) vi. 撞击
The wind drove into my face.
5) n.
(computer)驱动器 disc drive;
(心理学)内驱力
four-wheel drive四轮驱动
passing planes: 现在分词做前置定语
现在分词表进行动作，经常性动作或状态；过去分词表已完成动作或无时间性
the boiling point沸点（状态）
leading roles 领导角色
the boiling water正在开的水
the boiled water已经煮开的水
falling leaves正在落下的叶子
fallen leaves已经掉落的叶子
some不确定，某种
Some man just called.
(imfl) She is some skier.
大约，近似 Some 40 people attended the rally.
(imfl) some tired 有点儿累
Lesson 22
Dream of sth/doing
I once dreamed of myself being chased by a tiger.
I had a dream ---Martin Luther King
I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the
true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident that all
men are created equal.
我梦想有一天，这个国家将会奋起，实现其立国信条的真谛：“我们认为这些真理不言而喻：人人生而平等。”
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former
slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together
at the table of brotherhood.
我梦想有一天，在佐治亚州的红色山岗上，昔日奴隶的儿子能够同昔日奴隶主的儿子同席而坐，亲如手足
I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering
with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be
transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.
我梦想有一天，甚至连密西西比州——一个非正义和压迫的热浪逼人的荒漠之州，也会改造成为自由和公正的青青绿洲。
I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation
where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content
of their character. I have a dream today!
我梦想有一天，我的四个小女儿将生活在一个不是以皮肤的颜色，而是以品格的优劣作为评判标准的国家里。我今天怀有一个梦。
She is daydreaming.
dream on 继续做梦，痴心妄想
dream boat 梦寐以求的
Mr. Right
Prince Charming
throw away a chance to make a fortune
live for work, not work for living
throw (one's) weight around (sl)滥用权势，耀武扬威
The US always throws its weight around on international issues.
the Netherlands, Holland, Dutch
The Netherlands指荷兰，就象P.R.CHINA指中国一样。
Holland也指荷兰
Dutch是指荷兰人，也指荷兰语。
double Dutch无法理解的言语；莫名其妙的话
Their conversation about computers was all double Dutch to me!
dutch courage
dutch uncle /wife
in Dutch
介词做后置定语
books with pictures
furniture with sheathes/slipcover带套子的家具
a woman with a baby in her arms
a policeman with a stick in his hand
a cat with one blind eye
a country with over 5000 years’ history
the man with red beard
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