英语借走的“十个中国词”

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bak choy  (Cantonese) 白菜 （baakchoi), a Chinese cabbage: white vegetable bonsai  via Japanese 盆栽, lit. tray gardening cheongsam  from Cantonese 长衫 (cheungsaam), lit. long clothes. China  via Latin from the name of the Ch'in Dynasty 秦 chop chop  from Cantonese gup 急, lit. hurry, urgent chopstick  chop is from the Cantonese 夹 (gaap), literally 'to squeeze'. Notice the two man radicals (人) sandwich another man radical in the middle. chop suey  from Cantonese 杂碎 (tzapseui), lit. mixed pieces. chow chow  any of a breed of heavy-coated blocky dogs of Chinese origin chow mein  from Cantonese 炒面 (chaumin), lit. stir fried noodle chow  from Chinese Pidgin English chowchow which means food, perhaps based on Cantonese 炒, lit. stir fry (cooking) coolie  questionably Chinese 苦力, lit. suffering labor. Some dictionaries say the word came from Hindi kull. cumshaw  from Amoy 感谢, feeling gratitude dim sum  from Cantonese 点心 (dimsam), lit. touch of heart feng shui  from feng, wind and shui, water 风水 ginkgo  via Japanese 银杏 ginseng  from Mandarin 人参 (renshen), name of the plant. Some say the word came via Japanese (same kanji/hanzi) go  via Japanese name 碁 of a Chinese board game gung-ho  from Mandarin 工合, short for 工业合作社 kanji  via Japanese 汉字, lit. Chinese characters kaolin  from 高岭, lit. high mountain peak ketchup  possibly from Amoy 茄汁, lit. tomato sauce/juice kowtow  from Chinese 叩头, lit. knock head kumquat  from Cantonese name of the fruit 柑橘 (Gamgwat) kung fu  a martial art; from Cantonese 功夫 (Gongfu), lit. efforts longan  from Cantonese 龙眼, name of the fruit loquat  from Cantonese 芦橘, old name of the fruit lychee  from Cantonese 荔枝 (laitzi), name of the fruit mahjong  from Cantonese 麻将 (Matzeuk), lit. sparrow/the mahjong game oolong  oolong 乌龙, lit. black dragon pekoe  from Amoy 白毫, lit. white downy hair pinyin  from Mandarin 拼音, lit. put together sounds ramen  from 拉面 via Japanese, lit. pulled noodle rickshaw  via Japanese 人力车, lit. 'human-powered vehicle' sampan  from Cantonese 舢舨, the name of such vessel. Shar Pei  from Cantonese 沙皮, lit. sand skin. Shih Tzu  from Mandarin 狮子狗, lit. Chinese lion dog silk  from 'si' 丝, lit. silk soy  via Japanese shoyu 醤油 Tai Chi  from Mandarin 太极 Tai-Pan  from Cantonese 大班 (daaibaan), lit. big rank (similar to big shot) Tangram  from Chinese Tang (唐) + English gram Tao  from Mandarin 道 tea  from Amoy 茶 tofu  via Japanese 豆腐, lit. bean rot tong  from Cantonese 堂 tycoon  via Japanese 大官, lit. high official; or 大君, lit. great nobleman typhoon  台风 not to be confused with the monster typhon. See also other possible Arabic origin. wok  from Cantonese 镬 won ton  from Cantonese 云吞 , lit. 'cloud swallow' as a description of its shape, similar to Mandarin 馄饨 wushu  from Mandarin 武术, lit. martial arts yamen  from Mandarin 衙门, lit. government gate yen (craving)  from Cantonese 瘾, lit. addiction (to opium) Yen (Japanese currency)  via Japanese 円 (used to be Chinese writing 圆, lit. round, name of currency unit) Yin Yang  阴阳 from Mandarin 'Yin' meaning feminine, dark and 'Yang' meaning masculine and bright zen  禅 via Japanese